Effect of friction on winds

  • The last force we must consider is friction

  • Q: Where will friction have the greatest impact on the winds??? ANSWER

 

  • Hence, above approximately 850 mb, the flow is either in geostrophic or gradient wind balance

  • from the surface to about 1-1.5 km AG, we must include the effect of friction and therefore, the flow is no longer in geostrophic or gradient wind balance.....